Email me what you have available. Looking for devices, cdma gsm network, in any condition any quantity.
Will pay by the pound!!!
Large quantities needed asap. All cdma cdma gsm.
We are a Florida EPA licensed facility.
Todd Klimson
Recycle All Electronics, LLC
352-502-4449 x 126
Electronic Recycling center Based in Sarasota, Florida. We specialize in IT disposal, electronic equipment and wire strip outs, asset recovery and technology recycling. We buy All smartphones, Ipads, Ipods, Galaxy. Broken or working. Reduce Reuse Recycle. 1.352.292.2736
Friday, August 12, 2011
Thursday, August 11, 2011
It asset recovery and liquidation services Nationwide Call Now!!
Corporate asset recovery - Recycle All Electronics, LLC service to major US cities - nationwide Cisco, Sycamore, Broadcom, HP, Dell, 3Com, Dialogic, etc liquidation services.
352-502-4449 x126
Electronic Recycling service for:
Alabama
Birmingham
Montgomery
Dothan
Decatur
Florence
Gadsden
Mobile
Huntsville
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa, AL
Alaska
Arizona
Flagstaff
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Washington D.C.
Wisconsin
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352-502-4449 x126
Electronic Recycling service for:
Alabama
Birmingham
Montgomery
Dothan
Decatur
Florence
Gadsden
Mobile
Huntsville
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa, AL
Alaska
Arizona
Flagstaff
Phoenix
Tucson
Mesa
Glendale
Chandler
Scottsdale
Gilbert
Tempe
Peoria
Yuma, AZ.
Arkansas
Little Rock
Fort Smith
Fayetteville
Springdale
Jonesboro
North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
Conway
Rogers
Hot Springs
Jacksonville
Russellville, AR California
San Jose
Fremont
Milpitas
Sunnyvale
Cupertino
San Francisco
Los Angeles
Orange
San Diego
El Cajon
Chula Vista
Sacramento
Oakland
Fresno
Stockton
Bakersfield
Anaheim
Santa Ana, CA.
Colorado
Denver
Colorado
Englewood
Fort Collins
Grand Junction
Springs
Thornton
Aurora
Arvada
Lakewood
Westminster, CO
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Fairfield
Greenwich
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven
Norwalk
Stamford
Waterbury
West Hartford
Westport, CT
Delaware Florida
Tampa
West Palm Beach
Jacksonville
Miami
St. Petersburg
Hialeah
Orlando
Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
Georgia
Atlanta
Albany
Athens
Augusta
Gainesville
Macon
Savannah
Peachtree, GA.
Hawaii
Idaho
Boise City
Pocatello
Idaho Falls
Coeur d'Alene, ID.
Maine
Portland
Lewiston
Bangor
West Scarborough
Sanford
Brunswick
South Portland
Auburn ME. Illinois
Chicago
Rockford
Aurora
Naperville
Peoria
Springfield
Joliet
Elgin
Waukegan
Cicero
Decatur
Arlington Heights
Schaumburg
Evanston
Champaign
Palatine
Bloomington
Skokie
Des Plaines
Mount Prospect
Bolingbrook, IL.
Indiana
Anderson
Fishers
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
Plainfield
South Bend
Terre Haute
Iowa
Ames
Cedar Falls
Cedar Rapids
Council Bluffs
Davenport
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Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo, IA
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana Maryland
Baltimore
Columbia
Silver Spring
Ellicott City
Germantown
Dundalk
Rockville
Gaithersburg
Frederick
Towson, MD.
Massachusetts
Boston
Worcester
Springfield
Lowell
Cambridge
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Warren, MI.
Minnesota
Mississippi
Jackson MS.
Gulfport MS.
Biloxi MS.
Hattiesburg MS
Greenville, MS
Missouri
Saint Louis
Kansas City
Montana
Nebraska
Bellevue
Columbus
Fremont
Grand Island
Hastings
Kearney
Lincoln
Norfolk
North Platte
Omaha, NE Nevada
Las Vegas
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Brooklyn
Yonkers
Ohio
Columbus
Cleveland
Toledo
Cincinnati
Akron
Dayton
Parma
Canton
Youngstown
Lorrain
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Oregon
Portland
Ashland
Beaverton
Eugene
Salem, OR.
Pennsylvania
Allentown
Bethlehem
Chester
Harrisburg
Philadelphia
Scranton
York PA.
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota North Carolina
North Dakota
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Houston
San Antonio
Dallas
Austin
Fort Worth
El Paso
Arlington
Corpus Christi
Plano
Garland
Laredo
Lubbock
Irving
Amarillo
Brownsville
Grand Prairie
Pasadena
Mesquite
McAllen
Carrollton
Waco
Abilene
Beaumont
Denton
McKinney
Midland
Killeen, TX. Utah
Salt Lake City
St. George
Ogden
Provo
Moab
Logan
Park City
Orem
Cedar City
Kanab
Springdale
Sandy
Green River
Price
Panguitch
Vermont
Virginia
West Virginia
Alexandria
Arlington
Hampton
Norfolk
Chesapeake
Portsmouth
Richmond
Newport News
Virginia Beach
Washington
Seattle
Spokane
Tacoma
Vancouver
Bellevue
Everett, WA.
Washington D.C.
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Tuesday, August 9, 2011
The Benefits of Being Waste-Wise
By Chuck Herb
Client demands and regulatory pressures continue to drive improvements in diversion and recycling rates. Partly because of growing ecological concerns and less-than-ideal economic conditions, the cry for sustainable growth and fiscal responsibility has permanently impacted the way construction-related businesses approach waste management.
The Future of Waste Disposal
A recent report released by McGraw-Hill Construction revealed 61 percent of construction contractors rate waste management plans as the second most important aspect of green building, behind energy efficiency. The United States generated 143.5 million tons of building-related construction and demolition debris in 2008 alone, but only 28 percent (40.2 million tons) was reused, recycled or sent to waste-energy facilities. The study shows contractors are beginning to recognize the substantial impact sustainable construction waste management can have on their businesses, and a growing number are adopting practices to reduce contributions to landfills.
LEED also is driving this new sense of environmental stewardship. According to a GreenBiz Group study, LEED buildings have recycled or reused nearly 25 million tons of waste so far. These figures are expected to mushroom to more than 400 million tons by 2020 and 780 million tons by 2030.
By 2013, McGraw-Hill Construction predicts the green building market will represent 25 percent of all new construction projects by value, equating to a $140 million market. This rapidly growing green share presents extensive opportunities for waste management. Companies at the forefront of the sustainability movement are actively looking for ways to reduce, recycle and reuse materials—leading to decreased costs, increased customer satisfaction and compliance with new government regulations.
With only 28 percent of construction and demolition waste being recycled, there’s a lot of room for improvement—especially because the majority of this waste can be recycled, reused onsite or salvaged for reuse elsewhere. In the past, it was difficult to get contractors to recycle, especially where landfill rates were low, because they didn’t have many cost-effective options. Today, that scenario has changed.
Lasting Benefits
In most cases, the cost of recycling is lower than the cost of throwing materials away. When these costs are spread across an entire construction project, the savings can amount to thousands (and often tens of thousands) of dollars. If recycling costs more than waste disposal, many will choose not to recycle. But if it’s cost-competitive or less expensive, it will be considered as a practical part of every job.
Additionally, because millions of tons of construction and demolition materials are unnecessarily disposed of in landfills throughout the country every year, rebate programs are providing a financial incentive for builders to recycle debris. These programs are designed to encourage contractors to have their mixed-materials waste (e.g., wood and metals) hauled to designated material-recovery facilities, where they’re given a per-ton discount on each ton delivered.
Not only does recycling reduce waste disposal costs and material expenses, but it also helps project teams earn points toward qualifying for LEED and other green building certification programs. The more experience contractors gain in waste prevention and recycling, the better chance they have of attracting the growing number of potential clients interested in participating in LEED and other green building certification programs.
Additionally, recycling gives contractors the option to declare a tax deduction when they donate reusable building materials to a nonprofit organization. And, it lessens the environmental impact of buildings by:
•reducing depletion of natural resources such as trees, oil and minerals;
•reducing manufacturing and transportation-related emissions and pollution;
•using less energy and water compared to many virgin material product manufacturing processes; and
•decreasing greenhouse gasses by using less energy for manufacturing and transportation.
Many construction industry professionals agree recycling is one of the most visible steps that can be taken toward sustainable building. Unlike energy-efficient HVAC or certified forest products, it is something many people understand, and this awareness can generate teamwork and motivation among workers on jobsites.
Customer requirements have changed and recycling has evolved into something that carries more weight among builders. If contractors can turn recycling into a shared vision that heightens camaraderie and teamwork, they—and the communities in which they build—can derive benefits that go far beyond a rebate or reduced haul rate.
Chuck Herb is co-owner of Sunshine Recycling, Orlando, Fla. For more information, visit www.dumpsters-orlando.com.
Client demands and regulatory pressures continue to drive improvements in diversion and recycling rates. Partly because of growing ecological concerns and less-than-ideal economic conditions, the cry for sustainable growth and fiscal responsibility has permanently impacted the way construction-related businesses approach waste management.
The Future of Waste Disposal
A recent report released by McGraw-Hill Construction revealed 61 percent of construction contractors rate waste management plans as the second most important aspect of green building, behind energy efficiency. The United States generated 143.5 million tons of building-related construction and demolition debris in 2008 alone, but only 28 percent (40.2 million tons) was reused, recycled or sent to waste-energy facilities. The study shows contractors are beginning to recognize the substantial impact sustainable construction waste management can have on their businesses, and a growing number are adopting practices to reduce contributions to landfills.
LEED also is driving this new sense of environmental stewardship. According to a GreenBiz Group study, LEED buildings have recycled or reused nearly 25 million tons of waste so far. These figures are expected to mushroom to more than 400 million tons by 2020 and 780 million tons by 2030.
By 2013, McGraw-Hill Construction predicts the green building market will represent 25 percent of all new construction projects by value, equating to a $140 million market. This rapidly growing green share presents extensive opportunities for waste management. Companies at the forefront of the sustainability movement are actively looking for ways to reduce, recycle and reuse materials—leading to decreased costs, increased customer satisfaction and compliance with new government regulations.
With only 28 percent of construction and demolition waste being recycled, there’s a lot of room for improvement—especially because the majority of this waste can be recycled, reused onsite or salvaged for reuse elsewhere. In the past, it was difficult to get contractors to recycle, especially where landfill rates were low, because they didn’t have many cost-effective options. Today, that scenario has changed.
Lasting Benefits
In most cases, the cost of recycling is lower than the cost of throwing materials away. When these costs are spread across an entire construction project, the savings can amount to thousands (and often tens of thousands) of dollars. If recycling costs more than waste disposal, many will choose not to recycle. But if it’s cost-competitive or less expensive, it will be considered as a practical part of every job.
Additionally, because millions of tons of construction and demolition materials are unnecessarily disposed of in landfills throughout the country every year, rebate programs are providing a financial incentive for builders to recycle debris. These programs are designed to encourage contractors to have their mixed-materials waste (e.g., wood and metals) hauled to designated material-recovery facilities, where they’re given a per-ton discount on each ton delivered.
Not only does recycling reduce waste disposal costs and material expenses, but it also helps project teams earn points toward qualifying for LEED and other green building certification programs. The more experience contractors gain in waste prevention and recycling, the better chance they have of attracting the growing number of potential clients interested in participating in LEED and other green building certification programs.
Additionally, recycling gives contractors the option to declare a tax deduction when they donate reusable building materials to a nonprofit organization. And, it lessens the environmental impact of buildings by:
•reducing depletion of natural resources such as trees, oil and minerals;
•reducing manufacturing and transportation-related emissions and pollution;
•using less energy and water compared to many virgin material product manufacturing processes; and
•decreasing greenhouse gasses by using less energy for manufacturing and transportation.
Many construction industry professionals agree recycling is one of the most visible steps that can be taken toward sustainable building. Unlike energy-efficient HVAC or certified forest products, it is something many people understand, and this awareness can generate teamwork and motivation among workers on jobsites.
Customer requirements have changed and recycling has evolved into something that carries more weight among builders. If contractors can turn recycling into a shared vision that heightens camaraderie and teamwork, they—and the communities in which they build—can derive benefits that go far beyond a rebate or reduced haul rate.
Chuck Herb is co-owner of Sunshine Recycling, Orlando, Fla. For more information, visit www.dumpsters-orlando.com.
Challenges in sustainable management of construction and demolition waste
Abstract:
This editorial will briefly elaborate on the perceived challenges
of managing CDW (Construction and Demolition Waste) faced by transitory and developing
economies.
P. Agamuthu
University of Malaya, Malaysia
Access The Article here
This editorial will briefly elaborate on the perceived challenges
of managing CDW (Construction and Demolition Waste) faced by transitory and developing
economies.
P. Agamuthu
University of Malaya, Malaysia
Access The Article here
Monday, August 8, 2011
Industry Endorses Senate Resolution in Support of the U.S. Scrap Recycling Industry
Compiled by the Waste Age staff, Waste Age
Aug. 3, 2011 10:30am
On Tuesday, U.S. Senators Thomas R. Carper, D-Del., and Olympia Snowe, R-Maine, co-chairs of the Senate Recycling Caucus, introduced a resolution supporting improvement in the collection, processing and use of recyclable materials throughout the United States (S. 251). The Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI), the National Recycling Coalition (NRC), the National Solid Wastes Management Association (NSWMA), the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) and a number of other recycling-focused organizations immediately came out in support of the resolution.
“This resolution puts the U.S. Senate on record about an industry that protects the earth and our natural resources, boosts our economy, contributes positively toward the U.S. trade deficit, and creates good paying green jobs,” said ISRI President Robin Wiener in a press release. “Today the industry is facing many obstacles, but this resolution ensures us that our lawmakers not only recognize the positive contributions of scrap recycling but also recognize the need to support the industry and create a beneficial environment for its continued growth.”
“We strongly support the goals of this resolution,” said Chaz Miller, NSWMA’s government affairs director, in a press release. “Senators Carper and Snowe recognize the importance of maintaining America’s recycling infrastructure. As the resolution states, recycling thrives in a competitive marketplace with strong markets in both this country and abroad. The recycling industry overcame a serious challenge when commodity markets collapsed three years ago. Those markets have revived strongly. Our challenge now is to continue to expand the amount and types of materials recycled so that we can reap additional environmental benefits.”
The resolution was refered to the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works.
Aug. 3, 2011 10:30am
On Tuesday, U.S. Senators Thomas R. Carper, D-Del., and Olympia Snowe, R-Maine, co-chairs of the Senate Recycling Caucus, introduced a resolution supporting improvement in the collection, processing and use of recyclable materials throughout the United States (S. 251). The Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI), the National Recycling Coalition (NRC), the National Solid Wastes Management Association (NSWMA), the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) and a number of other recycling-focused organizations immediately came out in support of the resolution.
“This resolution puts the U.S. Senate on record about an industry that protects the earth and our natural resources, boosts our economy, contributes positively toward the U.S. trade deficit, and creates good paying green jobs,” said ISRI President Robin Wiener in a press release. “Today the industry is facing many obstacles, but this resolution ensures us that our lawmakers not only recognize the positive contributions of scrap recycling but also recognize the need to support the industry and create a beneficial environment for its continued growth.”
“We strongly support the goals of this resolution,” said Chaz Miller, NSWMA’s government affairs director, in a press release. “Senators Carper and Snowe recognize the importance of maintaining America’s recycling infrastructure. As the resolution states, recycling thrives in a competitive marketplace with strong markets in both this country and abroad. The recycling industry overcame a serious challenge when commodity markets collapsed three years ago. Those markets have revived strongly. Our challenge now is to continue to expand the amount and types of materials recycled so that we can reap additional environmental benefits.”
The resolution was refered to the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works.
Gold Hits Record! Silver Surging! Economy Crashing! What You Need to Do TODAY!
Due to the economic mismanagement of our government, the USA's debt rating
has been downgraded for the very first time in history. An economic crash,
worsening recession, and perhaps even a full blown depression is headed our
way... without any doubt.
CASH is going to be harder to come by than ever before. PRICES will go up,
stocks and real estate will decrease in value.
Frankly, there is not much you or I can do about this except hope for the
best and prepare for the worst.
Today, however, there is a rare opportunity to PROFIT from this mess that I
need to share with you....
Gold is at an all-time high. We are paying MUCH MORE for gold jewelry,
scrap, gold coins, gold bars, etc than EVER BEFORE. Silver is also once
again headed for the moon and we are paying incredible prices for Sterling
Silver, Silver Coins, Silver Jewelery, Silver Bars, Silver Bullion, etc.
Any time that the price of gold and silver jumps as much as it has now,
central banks, large institutions, and even governments intentionally dump
gold and silver on the market to drive the prices back down. I feel this
will happen again soon.
What this means to you is that there is a window of opportunity... for
those who act fast.... to cash in on these prices by gatheriing up any gold
or silver items you can part with and send them in NOW! Do not wait for the
prices to be forced lower!
Todd Klimson
352-502-4449
has been downgraded for the very first time in history. An economic crash,
worsening recession, and perhaps even a full blown depression is headed our
way... without any doubt.
CASH is going to be harder to come by than ever before. PRICES will go up,
stocks and real estate will decrease in value.
Frankly, there is not much you or I can do about this except hope for the
best and prepare for the worst.
Today, however, there is a rare opportunity to PROFIT from this mess that I
need to share with you....
Gold is at an all-time high. We are paying MUCH MORE for gold jewelry,
scrap, gold coins, gold bars, etc than EVER BEFORE. Silver is also once
again headed for the moon and we are paying incredible prices for Sterling
Silver, Silver Coins, Silver Jewelery, Silver Bars, Silver Bullion, etc.
Any time that the price of gold and silver jumps as much as it has now,
central banks, large institutions, and even governments intentionally dump
gold and silver on the market to drive the prices back down. I feel this
will happen again soon.
What this means to you is that there is a window of opportunity... for
those who act fast.... to cash in on these prices by gatheriing up any gold
or silver items you can part with and send them in NOW! Do not wait for the
prices to be forced lower!
Todd Klimson
352-502-4449
How to estimate the amount of gold in electronic scrap.
When dealing scrap, knowledge is king. Although the method is only ballpark, it's better than having no idea of the value.
(1) Make measurements and calculate the total gold plated surface area. You want to know how many square inches or, how many square centimeters of surface you have. You need to break the plated part down into it's geometric shapes.
Fingers are easy because they are rectangles. You just measure the width and length of one finger, multiply these together, and multiply this answer times the total number of fingers. If you have 50 sets of identical fingers, multiply that answer times 50. All this gives the total surface area on these particular 50 sets of identical fingers. For a round thin pin, you multiply the diameter times pi (3.1416) times the length. For a thick round pin, you also have to calculate the area of the end. For a square thin pin, multiply the width of one side times 4 times the length.
Type in - surface area formulas - in Google. Some sites will give drawings of the different geometric shapes and their surface area formulas. I will look for a good one and post it in the Glossary section.
You can measure in several different ways. The cheapest way is to use a triangle shaped plastic architect's ruler. You can get plenty of accuracy using one of these rulers. Get the one that measures in tenths of an inch and learn to estimate reading it in between the lines (marks). Don't ever measure in 1/16ths, 1/8ths, etc. This would make the calculations much more complicated. For small measurements, you can place the ruler on the object and use something like a 10X eye loupe to read it.
My favorite is a cheap set of calipers that measures in a decimal part of an inch and, not in 1/16", 1/32", etc. If you can pay more, you can get one that has a dial for the last digit. The cheaper ones have a vernier and that is a little more difficult to get used to.
Probably, the best is a comparator. This is an eye loupe that has a scale built into it. You can get a variety of screw-on scales for it.
You could use a micrometer but, they are cumbersome.
(2) Estimate the gold plating thickness. This may be the most important factor. You have to have an idea of how much is needed for different types of parts. Gold plating is measured in millionths of an inch. Another name for this is microinches. I will refer to them as micro". First of all, you must understand that this is a pure educated guess. You must understand that the thickness of gold plating has changed over the years. Also, the plating on such things as fingers or pins can run all over the map. I have seen fingers that ran from 15 micro" to 80 micro". It depends on the usage requirements and which company made the parts.
On the average, Catfish has been using 30 micro", with very good success, for things that plug into other things, whether male or female, or for those things that rub against other things, such as those tiny gold plated balls in small multi-switches. This includes such things as gold plated connector pins and many fingers. This has also been pretty well confirmed by lazersteve's yields.
For things that have to be heated, in order to solder an integrated circuit (chip, die) to a package, you can figure 50 (40 to 60) micro". This includes many CPU's, sidebraze IC's, etc. It also includes hybrid packages (microwave, etc) that often contain hybrid circuits. The gold thickness on all these types of packages have run quite consistent over the years, unlike fingers.
For everthing else, you are on your own. There are hints, however. For things that just sit there, on run-of-the-mill electronic equipment, figure 15-20 micro". The gold is there only for mild corrosion protection. It doesn't need wear resistance. If you run across some rare, high tech, military part that has to withstand high current flow or a highly corrosive environment, the thickness could be out of sight. Most common modern items run between 12 micro" to 35 micro".
Two ways to really know the real gold thickness, on specific parts, is to assay them or to refine them (the whole batch or, just a few of them, as a sample). You can then measure and calculate the surface area. From this, you can calculate the gold thickness. There are specific types of equipment that measure plating thickness. The Microderm and Betascope utilize radioactive isotopes to do this. The Kocour machine actually dissolves a small spot of the plating. There is also X-ray thickness measuring equipment. Most all of these need standards in order to set them up. You can also plate backup nickel on the gold plate, make a metallurgical mount, polish and etch it, and measure the thickness using a metallurgical microscope. I have lots of experience using all of the methods and equipment (except for x-ray) covered in this paragraph. If you want more info on any of these, let me know.
A special category is gold brazes. They probably run from 500 to 1000 micro" thick. A 80/20, gold/tin braze is used around the edge on gold plated lids used to seal IC packages, such as some CPU's, side braze packages, or all-gold plated hybrid packages. Also, on many of these same parts, a 96/4 (I think), gold/silicon braze is used to attach the chip.
The mil specs and other official thickness charts, concerning electronic parts, aren't that helpful unless you know what thickness Class Number was called out when that exact part was manufactured. If you assayed parts, you could probably get some correlation between the data, however. The official decorative gold plating charts are a little more helpful, since some plated jewelry is marked. If you see a marking of H.G.E., e.g., you know it should be 100 micro" thick, when new.
(3) Calculate the gold plating value.
First, for us in the US, who have measured things in square inches.
(a) Get the spot market price of gold, in dollars per troy ounce. Divide this number by 100,000 (ten thousand) on the calculator (Note: This is the only change I made in my method). This gives the dollar value of one square inch of gold plating, one micro" thick. Let this sink in your brain. For example, if the gold price were $660 per tr.oz., the value of one square inch of one micro" thick gold, would be 660 divided by 100,000 or, $.066. Please note that this was a little discovery of mine and you won't find it anywhere else. I just noticed that, when I calculated the value of one square inch of one micro" thick gold, using the density of gold, etc., it just happened to be within 1.5% of dividing the spot price by 100,000. Pure coincidence.
(b) Multiply this times the gold thickness in micro" and multiply this times the number of square inches you have.
Dollar value of gold plating = Spot price divided by 100,000 X thickness in micro" X area in square inches.
Example: The gold spot is $650. You have 9.58 square inches of gold plate that you estimate to be 30 micro" thick.
650 divided by 100,000 X 9.58 X 30 = $1.87.
For those measuring in centimeters and calculating area in square centimeters:
Spot price in US dollars divided by 100,000 X thickness in micro" X area in square centimeters divided by 6.452.
You'll have to convert other currency values on your own.
Play with this. It's easier than I've made it sound. As you probably know by now, I'm a detail guy. Just remember it's limitations. At best, it's a estimate, which will often (but, not always) be a bit on the low side.
Todd Klimson
Pager & Cellular
Recycle All Electronics
1500 SW 17th Ave
Building 300
Ocala, FL 34471
352-502-4449 - Ext. 126
352-426 2716- Cell
352-351-1322
todd@pagerandcellular.com
(1) Make measurements and calculate the total gold plated surface area. You want to know how many square inches or, how many square centimeters of surface you have. You need to break the plated part down into it's geometric shapes.
Fingers are easy because they are rectangles. You just measure the width and length of one finger, multiply these together, and multiply this answer times the total number of fingers. If you have 50 sets of identical fingers, multiply that answer times 50. All this gives the total surface area on these particular 50 sets of identical fingers. For a round thin pin, you multiply the diameter times pi (3.1416) times the length. For a thick round pin, you also have to calculate the area of the end. For a square thin pin, multiply the width of one side times 4 times the length.
Type in - surface area formulas - in Google. Some sites will give drawings of the different geometric shapes and their surface area formulas. I will look for a good one and post it in the Glossary section.
You can measure in several different ways. The cheapest way is to use a triangle shaped plastic architect's ruler. You can get plenty of accuracy using one of these rulers. Get the one that measures in tenths of an inch and learn to estimate reading it in between the lines (marks). Don't ever measure in 1/16ths, 1/8ths, etc. This would make the calculations much more complicated. For small measurements, you can place the ruler on the object and use something like a 10X eye loupe to read it.
My favorite is a cheap set of calipers that measures in a decimal part of an inch and, not in 1/16", 1/32", etc. If you can pay more, you can get one that has a dial for the last digit. The cheaper ones have a vernier and that is a little more difficult to get used to.
Probably, the best is a comparator. This is an eye loupe that has a scale built into it. You can get a variety of screw-on scales for it.
You could use a micrometer but, they are cumbersome.
(2) Estimate the gold plating thickness. This may be the most important factor. You have to have an idea of how much is needed for different types of parts. Gold plating is measured in millionths of an inch. Another name for this is microinches. I will refer to them as micro". First of all, you must understand that this is a pure educated guess. You must understand that the thickness of gold plating has changed over the years. Also, the plating on such things as fingers or pins can run all over the map. I have seen fingers that ran from 15 micro" to 80 micro". It depends on the usage requirements and which company made the parts.
On the average, Catfish has been using 30 micro", with very good success, for things that plug into other things, whether male or female, or for those things that rub against other things, such as those tiny gold plated balls in small multi-switches. This includes such things as gold plated connector pins and many fingers. This has also been pretty well confirmed by lazersteve's yields.
For things that have to be heated, in order to solder an integrated circuit (chip, die) to a package, you can figure 50 (40 to 60) micro". This includes many CPU's, sidebraze IC's, etc. It also includes hybrid packages (microwave, etc) that often contain hybrid circuits. The gold thickness on all these types of packages have run quite consistent over the years, unlike fingers.
For everthing else, you are on your own. There are hints, however. For things that just sit there, on run-of-the-mill electronic equipment, figure 15-20 micro". The gold is there only for mild corrosion protection. It doesn't need wear resistance. If you run across some rare, high tech, military part that has to withstand high current flow or a highly corrosive environment, the thickness could be out of sight. Most common modern items run between 12 micro" to 35 micro".
Two ways to really know the real gold thickness, on specific parts, is to assay them or to refine them (the whole batch or, just a few of them, as a sample). You can then measure and calculate the surface area. From this, you can calculate the gold thickness. There are specific types of equipment that measure plating thickness. The Microderm and Betascope utilize radioactive isotopes to do this. The Kocour machine actually dissolves a small spot of the plating. There is also X-ray thickness measuring equipment. Most all of these need standards in order to set them up. You can also plate backup nickel on the gold plate, make a metallurgical mount, polish and etch it, and measure the thickness using a metallurgical microscope. I have lots of experience using all of the methods and equipment (except for x-ray) covered in this paragraph. If you want more info on any of these, let me know.
A special category is gold brazes. They probably run from 500 to 1000 micro" thick. A 80/20, gold/tin braze is used around the edge on gold plated lids used to seal IC packages, such as some CPU's, side braze packages, or all-gold plated hybrid packages. Also, on many of these same parts, a 96/4 (I think), gold/silicon braze is used to attach the chip.
The mil specs and other official thickness charts, concerning electronic parts, aren't that helpful unless you know what thickness Class Number was called out when that exact part was manufactured. If you assayed parts, you could probably get some correlation between the data, however. The official decorative gold plating charts are a little more helpful, since some plated jewelry is marked. If you see a marking of H.G.E., e.g., you know it should be 100 micro" thick, when new.
(3) Calculate the gold plating value.
First, for us in the US, who have measured things in square inches.
(a) Get the spot market price of gold, in dollars per troy ounce. Divide this number by 100,000 (ten thousand) on the calculator (Note: This is the only change I made in my method). This gives the dollar value of one square inch of gold plating, one micro" thick. Let this sink in your brain. For example, if the gold price were $660 per tr.oz., the value of one square inch of one micro" thick gold, would be 660 divided by 100,000 or, $.066. Please note that this was a little discovery of mine and you won't find it anywhere else. I just noticed that, when I calculated the value of one square inch of one micro" thick gold, using the density of gold, etc., it just happened to be within 1.5% of dividing the spot price by 100,000. Pure coincidence.
(b) Multiply this times the gold thickness in micro" and multiply this times the number of square inches you have.
Dollar value of gold plating = Spot price divided by 100,000 X thickness in micro" X area in square inches.
Example: The gold spot is $650. You have 9.58 square inches of gold plate that you estimate to be 30 micro" thick.
650 divided by 100,000 X 9.58 X 30 = $1.87.
For those measuring in centimeters and calculating area in square centimeters:
Spot price in US dollars divided by 100,000 X thickness in micro" X area in square centimeters divided by 6.452.
You'll have to convert other currency values on your own.
Play with this. It's easier than I've made it sound. As you probably know by now, I'm a detail guy. Just remember it's limitations. At best, it's a estimate, which will often (but, not always) be a bit on the low side.
Todd Klimson
Pager & Cellular
Recycle All Electronics
1500 SW 17th Ave
Building 300
Ocala, FL 34471
352-502-4449 - Ext. 126
352-426 2716- Cell
352-351-1322
todd@pagerandcellular.com
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